在整理手上幾臺SQL SERVER 2000的數(shù)據庫備份時，一方面為了方便快速還原數(shù)據庫，另外一方面為了備份冗余、備份方式統(tǒng)一（先備份到本地，然后收上磁帶），將以前通過Symantec Backup Exec直接備份上帶的作業(yè)改成了如下方式：
Step 1： 通過數(shù)據庫維護計劃將備份生成在本地磁盤M，完整備份保留2天，事務日志備份保留3天
M:\DB_BACKUP\FULL_BACKUP
M:\DB_BACKUP\LOG_BACKUP
Step 2: 備份完成后通過Symantec Backup Exec將備份文件收上磁帶。
但是發(fā)現(xiàn)即使SQL SERVER 2000的數(shù)據庫維護計劃設置了刪除幾天前的備份文件，但是發(fā)現(xiàn)根本沒有刪除過期備份。于是只好使用dos命令來處理。剛開始想用forfiles命令，結果我搜索的時候，發(fā)現(xiàn)Windows 2000下沒有forfiles命令，后來通過從第三方復制過來，發(fā)現(xiàn)Windows 2000下也可以使用forfiles（如果不借助于forfiles命令，直接用批處理命令完成這個，那簡直痛苦死了）
關于forfiles命令的語法如下所示
C:\&;forfiles /?
FORFILES [/P pathname] [/M searchmask] [/S]
[/C command] [/D [+ | -] {yyyy-MM-dd | dd}]
Description:
Selects a file (or set of files) and executes a
command on that file. This is helpful for batch jobs.
Parameter List:
/P pathname Indicates the path to start searching.
The default folder is the current working
directory (.).
/M searchmask Searches files according to a searchmask.
The default searchmask is '*' .
/S Instructs forfiles to recurse into
subdirectories. Like "DIR /S".
/C command Indicates the command to execute for each file.
Command strings should be wrapped in double
quotes.
The default command is "cmd /c echo @file".
The following variables can be used in the
command string:
@file - returns the name of the file.
@fname - returns the file name without
extension.
@ext - returns only the extension of the
file.
@path - returns the full path of the file.
@relpath - returns the relative path of the
file.
@isdir - returns "TRUE" if a file type is
a directory, and "FALSE" for files.
@fsize - returns the size of the file in
bytes.
@fdate - returns the last modified date of the
file.
@ftime - returns the last modified time of the
file.
To include special characters in the command
line, use the hexadecimal code for the character
in 0xHH format (ex. 0x09 for tab). Internal
CMD.exe commands should be preceded with
"cmd /c".
/D date Selects files with a last modified date greater
than or equal to (+), or less than or equal to
(-), the specified date using the
"yyyy-MM-dd" format; or selects files with a
last modified date greater than or equal to (+)
the current date plus "dd" days, or less than or
equal to (-) the current date minus "dd" days. A
valid "dd" number of days can be any number in
the range of 0 - 32768.
"+" is taken as default sign if not specified.
/? Displays this help message.
Examples:
FORFILES /?
FORFILES
FORFILES /P C:\WINDOWS /S /M DNS*.*
FORFILES /S /M *.txt /C "cmd /c type @file | more"
FORFILES /P C:\ /S /M *.bat
FORFILES /D -30 /M *.exe
/C "cmd /c echo @path 0x09 was changed 30 days ago"
FORFILES /D 2001-01-01
/C "cmd /c echo @fname is new since Jan 1st 2001"
FORFILES /D +2014-12-15 /C "cmd /c echo @fname is new today"
FORFILES /M *.exe /D +1
FORFILES /S /M *.doc /C "cmd /c echo @fsize"
FORFILES /M *.txt /C "cmd /c if @isdir==FALSE notepad.exe @file"
對應的中文提示信息如下所示：
語法
forfiles [/p Path ] [/m SearchMask ] [/s ] [/c Command ] [/d [{+ | - }] [{MM / DD / YYYY | DD }]]
參數(shù)
/p Path
指定Path ，表明要從哪里開始搜索。默認的文件夾是當前工作目錄，該目錄通過鍵入句號(.) 指定。
/m SearchMask
按照SearchMask 搜索文件。默認的SearchMask 是*.* 。
/s
指示forfiles 在子目錄中搜索。
/c Command
在每個文件上運行指定的Command 。帶有空格的命令字符串必須用引號括起來。默認的Command 是"cmd /c echo @file" 。
/d [{+ | - }] [{MM / DD / YYYY | DD }]
選擇日期大于或等于(+ )（或者小于或等于(- )）指定日期的文件，其中MM / DD / YYYY 是指定的日期，DD 是當前日期減去DD 天。如果未指定+ 或- ，則使用+ 。DD 的有效范圍是0 - 32768。
/?
在命令提示符下顯示幫助。
如下所示，由于Windows Server 2000下拷貝過來的forfiles命令的版本是V 1.1，使用參數(shù)必須為-p、-c、-m 而且參數(shù)后面不能有空格。
如下所示，delete_old_backup.bat 刪除2天前的完整備份、事務日志備份、以及維護計劃生成的日志文件。
echo --------------------------------------------- >>delete_old_backup.log
echo Delete the backup log start at %Date% - %time% >>delete_old_backup.log
rem Delete days.
set DaysAgo=2
rem delete old backup log files.
set LogPath=M:\DB_BACKUP\
forfiles -p%LogPath% -m*.txt -d-%DaysAgo% -c"cmd /c del /q @FILE" >> delete_old_backup.log
echo Delete the backup log Stop at %Date% - %time% >>delete_old_backup.log
echo Delete the full backup start at %Date% - %time% >>delete_old_backup.log
set FullBackupPath=M:\DB_BACKUP\FULL_BACKUP
forfiles -p%FullBackupPath% -m*.bak -d-%DaysAgo% -c"cmd /c del /q @FILE" >> delete_old_backup.log
echo Delete the full backup Stop at %Date% - %time% >>delete_old_backup.log
echo Delete the log backup start at %Date% - %time% >>delete_old_backup.log
set LogBackupPath=M:\DB_BACKUP\LOG_BACKUP
forfiles -p%LogBackupPath% -m*.TRN -d-%DaysAgo% -c"cmd /c del /q @FILE" >> delete_old_backup.log
echo Delete the log backup Stop at %Date% - %time% >>delete_old_backup.log
echo --------------------------------------------- >>delete_old_backup.log
腳本編寫、測試成功后，然后設置Task Schedule，大體步驟如下步驟所示：
Step 1：在控制面板找到任務計劃，執(zhí)行任務計劃向導：
Step 2： 點擊“瀏覽”按鈕，選擇M:\DB_BACKUP\delete_old_backup.bat文件
Step 3：輸入任務的名稱，以及執(zhí)行任務的Schedule
Step 4：設置任務執(zhí)行的時間以及頻率
Step 5：輸入知曉計劃任務的賬號以及密碼
Step 6：完成任務計劃設置。
上面的bat主要是支持參數(shù)與日志的現(xiàn)實，確實不錯，其實核心代碼就是這樣的
forfiles /p "c:\backup" /d -10 /c "cmd /c echo deleting @file ... del /f @path"
測試前最好備份一下數(shù)據
